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Introduction

Pneumonic plague (Untreated - 100%, Treated - 50%); Bubonic plague (Untreated - 50%-90%, Treated - 10%-20%); Septicemic plague - 20%-25% (Medscape)

Hosts

Human and animals

Transmission / Exposure Route

Transmitted to humans from infected flees and rodents are reservoirs of the disease (dose response page for Yersinia pestis)

Case Fatality Ratio

Case Fatality Ratios
Disease Untreated Treated Reference
Pneumonic plague 100% 50% [2]
Bubonic plague 50%-90% 10%-20% [2]
Septicemic plague 20%-25%   [2]

Incubation Period

2–6 days for Bubonic plague [1]

Burden of disease

The CDC has reported an average of 10-15 cases of yersinia pestis infection annually in the United States. Areas of natural occurrence of plague in the United States include Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. Internationally between 1990-1995, a total of 12,998 cases of plague were reported to the World Health Organization (WHO), mostly from countries such as India, Zaire, Peru, Malawi, and Mozambique. [3]

Duration of Infectiousness and disease

Symptomology

Latency

Asymptomatic Rates

Excretion Rates (see Exposure)

Immunity

Microbiology

A Gram-negative facultative anaerobic bipolar-staining bacillus bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae

Dose Response Models

Route: intranasal, Response: death

exponential

\[P(response)=1-exp(-k\times dose)\]

Optimized parameters:
k = 1.63E-03
LD50 = 4.26E+02

Data from Other Sources

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Classification:

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Other names:

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NCBI Publications on Risk Assesment:

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