Difference between revisions of "Salmonella meleagridis: Dose Response Models"

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''Salmonella'' is a genus of rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-spore forming, predominantly motile enterobacteria, that cause more than 10<sup>4</sup> cases of infections per year in the United States. Salmonellosis is an important medical problem; although infection with non-typhoid ''Salmonella'' often causes mild self-limited illness, severe sequelae including death may occur, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. The incidence of salmonellosis is higher in developing than in developed countries and in developing countries, food handlers may be a reservoir for further transmission of infection (Chalker and Blaser 1988).
 
''Salmonella'' is a genus of rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-spore forming, predominantly motile enterobacteria, that cause more than 10<sup>4</sup> cases of infections per year in the United States. Salmonellosis is an important medical problem; although infection with non-typhoid ''Salmonella'' often causes mild self-limited illness, severe sequelae including death may occur, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. The incidence of salmonellosis is higher in developing than in developed countries and in developing countries, food handlers may be a reservoir for further transmission of infection (Chalker and Blaser 1988).
  
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Many species of ''Salmonella'' have been isolated from eggs and egg products (McCullough and Eisele 1951). ''Salmonella enterica'' serotype Meleagridis is one of the most common serotypes of Salmonella (Zaidi, McDermott et al. 2006). Twenty human isolates of ''S. Meleagridis'' had been identified in Canada so far during 1997.  
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Many species of ''Salmonella'' have been isolated from eggs and egg products. <ref name="McCullough and Eisele 1951,1">McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental Human Salmonellosis: III. Pathogenicity of Strains of Salmonella newport, Salmonella derby, and Salmonella bareilly Obtained from Spray-Dried Whole Egg. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 89(3): 209-213.</ref>. ''Salmonella enterica'' serotype Meleagridis is one of the most common serotypes of Salmonella. <ref name="Zaidi, McDermott et al. 2006">Zaidi MB, McDermott PF, et al. (2006) Nontyphoidal Salmonella from Human Clinical Cases, Asymptomatic Children, and Raw Retail Meats in Yucatan, Mexico. Clinical Infectious Diseases 42(1): 21-28.</ref>. Twenty human isolates of ''S. Meleagridis'' had been identified in Canada so far during 1997.  
  
 
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==='''Summary Data'''===
 
==='''Summary Data'''===
  
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McCullough, and Eisele (1951) inoculated human volunteers orally with the ''S. Meleagridis'' strain I,II and III.
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McCullough, and Eisele (1951) inoculated human volunteers orally with the ''S. Meleagridis'' strain I,II and III.<ref name="McCullough and Eisele 1951,2">McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental human salmonellosis. II. Immunity studies following experimental illness with Salmonella meleagridis and Salmonella anatum. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 66(5): 595-608.</ref>
  
  
 
{{DRSummaryTableStart|agent=''Salmonella'' serotype Meleagridis}}
 
{{DRSummaryTableStart|agent=''Salmonella'' serotype Meleagridis}}
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{{DRSummaryTablePreferredModel|expID= 238 |refer = McCullough and Elsele,1951|reference=ADDFULLREFERENCEHERE|host= human |agentStrain= strain I |route= oral, with eggnog |nDoses= 11 |doseUnits= CFU|response= infection |bestFitModel=beta-Poisson|parameters=&alpha;=  3.89E-01 , N<sub>50</sub> =  1.68E+04|N50= 1.68E+04 }}
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{{DRSummaryTablePreferredModel|expID= 238 |refer = McCullough and Eisele 1951,2|reference=McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental human salmonellosis. II. Immunity studies following experimental illness with Salmonella meleagridis and Salmonella anatum. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 66(5): 595-608.|host= human |agentStrain= strain I |route= oral, with eggnog |nDoses= 11 |doseUnits= CFU|response= infection |bestFitModel=beta-Poisson|parameters=&alpha;=  3.89E-01 , N<sub>50</sub> =  1.68E+04|N50= 1.68E+04 }}
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{{DRSummaryTableNonpreferredModel|expID= 240 |refer=McCullough and Elsele,1951|reference=COMPLETE REF HERE|host= human |agentStrain= strain III |route= oral, with eggnog |nDoses= 4 |doseUnits= CFU|response= infection |bestFitModel=beta-Poisson|parameters=&alpha; =  8.85E-01 , N<sub>50</sub> =  5.24E+05|N50= 5.24E+05 }}
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{{DRSummaryTableNonpreferredModel|expID= 240 |refer=McCullough and Eisele 1951,2|reference=McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental human salmonellosis. II. Immunity studies following experimental illness with Salmonella meleagridis and Salmonella anatum. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 66(5): 595-608.|host= human |agentStrain= strain III |route= oral, with eggnog |nDoses= 4 |doseUnits= CFU|response= infection |bestFitModel=beta-Poisson|parameters=&alpha; =  8.85E-01 , N<sub>50</sub> =  5.24E+05|N50= 5.24E+05 }}
 
{{DRSummaryTableEnd}}
 
{{DRSummaryTableEnd}}
  
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==='''Optimization Output for experiment 238'''===
 
==='''Optimization Output for experiment 238'''===
  
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{{DRExperimentDataTable11|title=Human / ''Salmonella'' Meleagridis strain I data|refer = McCullough and Elsele,1951|reference=ADDFULLREFERENCEHERE|pos=Infected|neg=Non-infected |d1=12000|p1=3|n1=3|t1=6|d2=24000|p2=4|n2=2|t2=6|d3=52000|p3=3|n3=3|t3=6|d4=96000|p4=3|n4=3|t4=6|d5=155000|p5=5|n5=1|t5=6|d6=3E+05|p6=6|n6=0|t6=6|d7=720000|p7=4|n7=1|t7=5|d8=1150000|p8=6|n8=0|t8=6|d9=5.5E+06|p9=5|n9=1|t9=6|d10=2.4E+07|p10=5|n10=0|t10=5|d11=5E+07|p11=6|n11=0|t11=6}}
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{{DRExperimentDataTable11|title=Human / ''Salmonella'' Meleagridis strain I data|refer = McCullough and Eisele 1951,2|reference=McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental human salmonellosis. II. Immunity studies following experimental illness with Salmonella meleagridis and Salmonella anatum. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 66(5): 595-608.|pos=Infected|neg=Non-infected |d1=12000|p1=3|n1=3|t1=6|d2=24000|p2=4|n2=2|t2=6|d3=52000|p3=3|n3=3|t3=6|d4=96000|p4=3|n4=3|t4=6|d5=155000|p5=5|n5=1|t5=6|d6=3E+05|p6=6|n6=0|t6=6|d7=720000|p7=4|n7=1|t7=5|d8=1150000|p8=6|n8=0|t8=6|d9=5.5E+06|p9=5|n9=1|t9=6|d10=2.4E+07|p10=5|n10=0|t10=5|d11=5E+07|p11=6|n11=0|t11=6}}
  
  
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==='''Optimization Output for experiment 240'''===
 
==='''Optimization Output for experiment 240'''===
  
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{{DRExperimentDataTable4|title=Human/ Salmonella meleagridis strain III data|refer = McCullough and Elsele,1951|reference=ADDFULLREFERENCEHERE|pos=Infected|neg=Non-infected |d1=158000|p1=1|n1=5|t1=6|d2=1.5E+06|p2=5|n2=1|t2=6|d3=7680000|p3=6|n3=0|t3=6|d4=1E+07|p4=5|n4=1|t4=6}}
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{{DRExperimentDataTable4|title=Human/ Salmonella meleagridis strain III data|refer = McCullough and Eisele 1951,2|reference=McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental human salmonellosis. II. Immunity studies following experimental illness with Salmonella meleagridis and Salmonella anatum. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 66(5): 595-608.|pos=Infected|neg=Non-infected |d1=158000|p1=1|n1=5|t1=6|d2=1.5E+06|p2=5|n2=1|t2=6|d3=7680000|p3=6|n3=0|t3=6|d4=1E+07|p4=5|n4=1|t4=6}}
  
  
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<references />
 
<references />
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McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental human salmonellosis. II. Immunity studies following experimental illness with Salmonella meleagridis and Salmonella anatum. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 66(5): 595-608.
 
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McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental Human Salmonellosis: III. Pathogenicity of Strains of Salmonella newport, Salmonella derby, and Salmonella bareilly Obtained from Spray-Dried Whole Egg. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 89(3): 209-213.
 
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Zaidi MB, McDermott PF, et al. (2006) Nontyphoidal Salmonella from Human Clinical Cases, Asymptomatic Children, and Raw Retail Meats in Yucatan, Mexico. Clinical Infectious Diseases 42(1): 21-28.
 
  
  
  
 
[[Category:Completed Dose Response Models: Bacteria]][[Category:Dose Response Model]][[Category:Salmonella (Meleagridis)]]
 
[[Category:Completed Dose Response Models: Bacteria]][[Category:Dose Response Model]][[Category:Salmonella (Meleagridis)]]

Revision as of 13:18, 18 September 2012

Salmonella enterica serotype Meleagridis

Author: Sushil Tamrakar


General overview of Salmonella and Salmonellosis

Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped, gram-negative, non-spore forming, predominantly motile enterobacteria, that cause more than 104 cases of infections per year in the United States. Salmonellosis is an important medical problem; although infection with non-typhoid Salmonella often causes mild self-limited illness, severe sequelae including death may occur, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. The incidence of salmonellosis is higher in developing than in developed countries and in developing countries, food handlers may be a reservoir for further transmission of infection (Chalker and Blaser 1988).

Many species of Salmonella have been isolated from eggs and egg products. [1]. Salmonella enterica serotype Meleagridis is one of the most common serotypes of Salmonella. [2]. Twenty human isolates of S. Meleagridis had been identified in Canada so far during 1997.

Summary Data

McCullough, and Eisele (1951) inoculated human volunteers orally with the S. Meleagridis strain I,II and III.[3]


Experiment serial number Reference Host type Agent strain Route # of doses Dose units Response Best fit model Optimized parameter(s) LD50/ID50
238* [3] human strain I oral, with eggnog 11 CFU infection beta-Poisson α= 3.89E-01 , N50 = 1.68E+04 1.68E+04
240 [3] human strain III oral, with eggnog 4 CFU infection beta-Poisson α = 8.85E-01 , N50 = 5.24E+05 5.24E+05
*This model is preferred in most circumstances. However, consider all available models to decide which one is most appropriate for your analysis.
Exponential and betapoisson model.jpg


Optimization Output for experiment 238

Human / Salmonella Meleagridis strain I data [3]
Dose Infected Non-infected Total
12000 3 3 6
24000 4 2 6
52000 3 3 6
96000 3 3 6
155000 5 1 6
3E+05 6 0 6
720000 4 1 5
1150000 6 0 6
5.5E+06 5 1 6
2.4E+07 5 0 5
5E+07 6 0 6


Goodness of fit and model selection
Model Deviance Δ Degrees
of freedom		 χ20.95,1
p-value		 χ20.95,m-k
p-value
Exponential 71.8 63.8 10 3.84
1.33e-15 		18.3
1.98e-11
Beta Poisson 7.99 9 16.9
0.535
Beta-Poisson fits better than exponential; cannot reject good fit for beta-Poisson.


Optimized parameters for the beta-Poisson model, from 10000 bootstrap iterations
Parameter MLE estimate Percentiles
0.5% 2.5% 5% 95% 97.5% 99.5%
α 3.89E-01 1.23E-01 1.74E-01 2.01E-01 1.12E+00 1.91E+00 3.82E+02
N50 1.68E+04 7.98E+01 1.08E+03 2.27E+03 4.78E+04 5.71E+04 7.49E+04


Parameter scatter plot for beta Poisson model ellipses signify the 0.9, 0.95 and 0.99 confidence of the parameters.
beta Poisson model plot, with confidence bounds around optimized model


Optimization Output for experiment 240

Human/ Salmonella meleagridis strain III data [3]
Dose Infected Non-infected Total
158000 1 5 6
1.5E+06 5 1 6
7680000 6 0 6
1E+07 5 1 6


Goodness of fit and model selection
Model Deviance Δ Degrees
of freedom		 χ20.95,1
p-value		 χ20.95,m-k
p-value
Exponential 7.81 5.51 3 3.84
0.019 		7.81
0.0501
Beta Poisson 2.3 2 5.99
0.316
Beta-Poisson fits better than exponential; cannot reject good fit for beta-Poisson.


Optimized parameters for the beta-Poisson model, from 10000 bootstrap iterations
Parameter MLE estimate Percentiles
0.5% 2.5% 5% 95% 97.5% 99.5%
α 8.85E-01 1.78E-01 2.91E-01 3.68E-01 1.40E+03 1.71E+03 8.24E+03
N50 5.24E+05 4.71E+04 1.20E+05 1.92E+05 1.19E+06 1.39E+06 1.90E+06


Parameter scatter plot for beta Poisson model ellipses signify the 0.9, 0.95 and 0.99 confidence of the parameters.
beta Poisson model plot, with confidence bounds around optimized model


Summary

The data set of Salmonella Meleagridis strain II failed to show test of trend and hence was not analyzed. Strain II and strain III could not be pooled.


References

  1. ↑ McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental Human Salmonellosis: III. Pathogenicity of Strains of Salmonella newport, Salmonella derby, and Salmonella bareilly Obtained from Spray-Dried Whole Egg. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 89(3): 209-213.
  2. ↑ Zaidi MB, McDermott PF, et al. (2006) Nontyphoidal Salmonella from Human Clinical Cases, Asymptomatic Children, and Raw Retail Meats in Yucatan, Mexico. Clinical Infectious Diseases 42(1): 21-28.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 McCullough NB, Eisele CW (1951) Experimental human salmonellosis. II. Immunity studies following experimental illness with Salmonella meleagridis and Salmonella anatum. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 66(5): 595-608.
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