Difference between revisions of "Persistence Models"
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Persistence Models
General overview
Inactivation of vegetative microorganisms, there are several types of survival curves that described the inactivation rates and patterns(Xiong, Xie et al. 1999). The most commonly used mathematical linear model is first order exponential model. However in many cases linear model alone cannot describe the prevailing pattern. There are several nonlinear models described by various investigators to fit the data(Coroller, Leguerinel et al. 2006). Seven different models described in various studies have been shown in Table 1 .(Peleg and Cole 1998; Juneja, Eblen et al. 2001; Valdramidis, Bernaerts et al. 2005; Juneja, Huang et al. 2006).
The data from each treatment was fitted to a best fit curve using an unpublished mathematical model fitting tool in Microsoft® Excel (Microsoft® Inc., Redmond, Washington) by Patrick Gurian at Drexel University and modified by Sushil Tamrakar (Michigan State University). The tool can be used to model bacterial survival in culture-dependent or culture-independent methods independent of the organism and the environmental conditions. The smallest absolute value of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) was the criteria to choose the best fit model.
Table 1 Persistent models and equations
| S.N. | Model | Equation | Curve Properties | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | First order exponential decay model | Ln (Nt/N0) = -kt | Linear, negative slope | Crane and Moore, 1986 |
| 2 | Biphasic exponential decay model | for 0≤t<x: Ln (Nt/N0) = -k1*t
for t≥x: Ln (Nt/N0) = -k1*t+k2*(t-x) |
Linear, negative slope, slope changes at t=x | Carret et al. 1991 |
| 3 | General logistic model | Ln (Nt/N0) = ln(2/(1+e(-kt))) | Nonlinear, concave | Gonzalez, 1995 |
| 4 | Exponential damped model | Ln (Nt/N0) = -kt*e(-st) | Nonlinear, concave | Cavalli-Sforza et al. 1983 |
| 5 | Gompertz model | Ln (Nt/N0) = ln[C*e [-e^(-b*(ln(t)-a))]} | Nonlinear, concave | Gompertz, 1825
Gil et al. 2011 |
| 6 | Two-stage model Juneja and Marks (1) | Ln (Nt/N0) = -Ln(1-(1-e(-kt)^m))) | Nonlinear, concave | Juneja et al. 2006 |
| 7 | Log-logistic model Juneja and Marks (2) | Ln (Nt/N0) = -Ln(1+e (a+b*ln (t))) | Convex or concave | Juneja et al. 2003 |
The data from fomite recovery experiments in Dr. Charles Gerba’s lab were fit to the different persistent models. The best fit models are shown in Table 2 and Figure 1 .
Table 2 Best fit models
| Organism | Fomite | Time(hrs) | Best fit model |
|---|---|---|---|
| B. anthracis | Polyester | 0,24,672,2190 | Biphasic exponential |
| B. anthracis | Steel | 0,24,672,2190 | Biphasic exponential |
| B. anthracis | Laminar | 0,24,672,2190 | Juneja & Mark(2) |
Figure 1 Best fit models
Persistence excel tool
Any persistent data could be analyzed by using attached excel spreadsheet. Read the instruction manual first and then use the excel tool accordingly.
Reference
Coroller, L., I. Leguerinel, et al. (2006). "General Model, Based on Two Mixed Weibull Distributions of Bacterial Resistance, for Describing Various Shapes of Inactivation Curves." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72(10): 6493-6502.
Juneja, V. K., B. S. Eblen, et al. (2001). "Modeling non-linear survival curves to calculate thermal inactivation of Salmonella in poultry of different fat levels." International Journal of Food Microbiology 70(1–2): 37-51.
Juneja, V. K., L. Huang, et al. (2006). "Predictive model for growth of Clostridium perfringens in cooked cured pork." International Journal of Food Microbiology 110(1): 85-92.
Peleg, M. and M. B. Cole (1998). "Reinterpretation of Microbial Survival Curves." Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 38(5): 353-380.
Valdramidis, V. P., K. Bernaerts, et al. (2005). "An alternative approach to non-log-linear thermal microbial inactivation: Modelling the number of log cycles reduction with respect to temperature." Food Technology and Biotechnology 43(4): 321-327.
Xiong, R., G. Xie, et al. (1999). "A mathematical model for bacterial inactivation." International Journal of Food Microbiology 46(1): 45-55.
