Difference between revisions of "Listeria monocytogenes (Stillbirths): Dose Response Models"

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{{DRSummaryTableNonpreferredModel|expID= 290 |refer=Williams, Irvin et al. 2007|reference=Williams, D., E. A. Irvin, et al. (2007)."Dose-Response of Listeria monocytogenes after Oral Exposure in Pregnant Guinea Pigs." Journal of Food Protection 70(5): 1122-1128|host= guinea pig |agentStrain=  |route= oral  |nDoses= 5 |doseUnits= CFU |response= fetal  mortality |bestFitModel=beta-Poisson|parameters= α  =  9.36E-02 , N<sub>50</sub> =  4.67E+07 |N50= 4.67E+07 }}
 
{{DRSummaryTableNonpreferredModel|expID= 290 |refer=Williams, Irvin et al. 2007|reference=Williams, D., E. A. Irvin, et al. (2007)."Dose-Response of Listeria monocytogenes after Oral Exposure in Pregnant Guinea Pigs." Journal of Food Protection 70(5): 1122-1128|host= guinea pig |agentStrain=  |route= oral  |nDoses= 5 |doseUnits= CFU |response= fetal  mortality |bestFitModel=beta-Poisson|parameters= α  =  9.36E-02 , N<sub>50</sub> =  4.67E+07 |N50= 4.67E+07 }}
 
{{DRSummaryTablePreferredModel|expID= 289,290 |refer=Smith, Takeuchi et al. 2008 and Williams, Irvin et al. 2007|reference=Smith, M. A., K. Takeuchi, et al. (2008). "Dose-Response Model for Listeria monocytogenes-Induced Stillbirths in Nonhuman Primates." Infection and Immunity 76(2): 726-731 and Williams, D., E. A. Irvin, et al. (2007)."Dose-Response of Listeria monocytogenes after Oral Exposure in Pregnant Guinea Pigs." Journal of Food Protection 70(5): 1122-1128|host=pooled |agentStrain=  |route= oral  |nDoses= 13 |doseUnits= CFU |response= stillbirths |bestFitModel=beta-Poisson|parameters= α  =  4.22E-02 , N<sub>50</sub> =  1.78E+09 |N50= 1.78E+09 }}
 
{{DRSummaryTablePreferredModel|expID= 289,290 |refer=Smith, Takeuchi et al. 2008 and Williams, Irvin et al. 2007|reference=Smith, M. A., K. Takeuchi, et al. (2008). "Dose-Response Model for Listeria monocytogenes-Induced Stillbirths in Nonhuman Primates." Infection and Immunity 76(2): 726-731 and Williams, D., E. A. Irvin, et al. (2007)."Dose-Response of Listeria monocytogenes after Oral Exposure in Pregnant Guinea Pigs." Journal of Food Protection 70(5): 1122-1128|host=pooled |agentStrain=  |route= oral  |nDoses= 13 |doseUnits= CFU |response= stillbirths |bestFitModel=beta-Poisson|parameters= α  =  4.22E-02 , N<sub>50</sub> =  1.78E+09 |N50= 1.78E+09 }}
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Revision as of 21:01, 4 September 2012

Listeria monocytogenes (Stillbirths in animals)

Author: Sushil Tamrakar


General overview of Listeria monocytogenes

Listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium. It is the causative agent of listeriosis, a serious infection caused by eating food contaminated with the bacteria. The disease generally affects older adults, pregnant women, newborns, and adults with weakened immune systems. However, rarely, persons without these risk factors can also be affected (CDC 2012; Todar 2012).

The overt form of the disease has mortality greater than 25 percent. The two main clinical manifestations are sepsis and meningitis. Meningitis is often complicated by encephalitis, a pathology that is unusual for bacterial infections (Todar 2012).




Summary Data

Smith et al.(2008) studied dose-response model for Listeria monocytogenes- induced stillbirths in nonhuman primates (Smith, Takeuchi et al. 2008) and Williams et al ( 2007 and 2009) explored fetal mortality in guinea pigs after oral exposure (Williams, Irvin et al. 2007; Williams, Castleman et al. 2009).


Experiment serial number Reference Host type Agent strain Route # of doses Dose units Response Best fit model Optimized parameter(s) LD50/ID50


289 [1] rhesus monkeys oral 8 CFU stillbirths beta-Poisson α = 4E-02 , N50 = 8.26E+08 8.26E+08
290 [2] guinea pig oral 5 CFU fetal mortality beta-Poisson α = 9.36E-02 , N50 = 4.67E+07 4.67E+07
289,290* [3] pooled oral 13 CFU stillbirths beta-Poisson α = 4.22E-02 , N50 = 1.78E+09 1.78E+09
*This model is preferred in most circumstances. However, consider all available models to decide which one is most appropriate for your analysis.



a:
Exponential and betapoisson model.jpg

Optimization Output for experiment 289

Rhesus monkey/Listeria monocytogenes [4]
Dose Stillbirths Not stillbirths Total
316 0 1 1
1580 2 6 8
2E+04 0 3 3
126000 1 4 5
1580000 2 4 6
1.26E+07 2 3 5
1.26E+08 2 2 4
3.98E+10 1 0 1


Goodness of fit and model selection
Model Deviance Δ Degrees
of freedom		 χ20.95,1
p-value		 χ20.95,m-k
p-value
Exponential 51.4 47.7 7 3.84
4.95e-12 		14.1
7.71e-09
Beta Poisson 3.68 6 12.6
0.72
Beta-Poisson fits better than exponential; cannot reject good fit for beta-Poisson.
Optimized parameters for the beta-Poisson model, from 10000 bootstrap iterations
Parameter MLE estimate Percentiles
0.5% 2.5% 5% 95% 97.5% 99.5%
α 4E-02 9.86E-04 9.94E-04 1.02E-02 1.22E-01 1.96E-01 3.05E-01
N50 8.26E+08 1.94E+03 4.54E+04 5.30E+05 8.90E+18 6.18E+22 4.86E+65



Parameter scatter plot for beta Poisson model ellipses signify the 0.9, 0.95 and 0.99 confidence of the parameters.
beta Poisson model plot, with confidence bounds around optimized model


Optimization Output for experiment 290

Guinea pig/Listeria monocytogenesTITLE [4]
Dose Fetal mortality Not fetal mortality Total
1E+04 0 4 4
1E+05 2 9 11
1E+06 2 7 9
1E+07 3 6 9
1E+08 3 1 4


Goodness of fit and model selection
Model Deviance Δ Degrees
of freedom		 χ20.95,1
p-value		 χ20.95,m-k
p-value
Exponential 19.3 17.6 4 3.84
2.71e-05 		9.49
0.000677
Beta Poisson 1.72 3 7.81
0.632
Beta-Poisson fits better than exponential; cannot reject good fit for beta-Poisson.


Optimized parameters for the beta-Poisson model, from 10000 bootstrap iterations
Parameter MLE estimate Percentiles
0.5% 2.5% 5% 95% 97.5% 99.5%
α 9.36E-02 1.19E-02 2.03E-02 2.95E-02 1.10E+00 1.02E+02 8.41E+02
N50 4.67E+07 9.56E+05 2.12E+06 3.23E+06 8.13E+11 4.28E+14 2.83E+23



Parameter scatter plot for beta Poisson model ellipses signify the 0.9, 0.95 and 0.99 confidence of the parameters.
beta Poisson model plot, with confidence bounds around optimized model


Optimization Output for pooled data (experiment 289 and 290)

Rhesus monkey/Listeria monocytogenes [4]
Dose Stillbirths Not stillbirths Total
316 0 1 1
1580 2 6 8
1E+04 0 4 4
2E+04 0 3 3
1E+05 2 9 11
126000 1 4 5
1E+06 2 7 9
1580000 2 4 6
1E+07 3 6 9
1.26E+07 2 3 5
1E+08 3 1 4
1.26E+08 2 2 4
3.98E+10 1 0 1


Goodness of fit and model selection
Model Deviance Δ Degrees
of freedom		 χ20.95,1
p-value		 χ20.95,m-k
p-value
Exponential 71.8 63.9 12 3.84
1.33e-15 		21
1.49e-10
Beta Poisson 7.88 11 19.7
0.724
Beta-Poisson fits better than exponential; cannot reject good fit for beta-Poisson.


Optimized parameters for the beta-Poisson model, from 500 bootstrap iterations
Parameter MLE estimate Percentiles
0.5% 2.5% 5% 95% 97.5% 99.5%
α 4.22E-02 1.14E-02 1.54E-02 1.78E-02 1.26E-01 1.51E-01 2.71E-01
N50 1.78E+09 1.74E+06 4.42E+06 7.04E+06 2.28E+15 8.63E+16 8.36E+20


Parameter scatter plot for beta Poisson model ellipses signify the 0.9, 0.95 and 0.99 confidence of the parameters.
beta Poisson model plot, with confidence bounds around optimized model


Summary

The risk of fetal mortality in nonhuman primate ( rhesus monkeys) and guinea pigs statistically same and hence the pooled model with larger data points is recommended model.

References

  1. ↑ Smith, M. A., K. Takeuchi, et al. (2008). "Dose-Response Model for Listeria monocytogenes-Induced Stillbirths in Nonhuman Primates." Infection and Immunity 76(2): 726-731
  2. ↑ Williams, D., E. A. Irvin, et al. (2007)."Dose-Response of Listeria monocytogenes after Oral Exposure in Pregnant Guinea Pigs." Journal of Food Protection 70(5): 1122-1128
  3. ↑ Smith, M. A., K. Takeuchi, et al. (2008). "Dose-Response Model for Listeria monocytogenes-Induced Stillbirths in Nonhuman Primates." Infection and Immunity 76(2): 726-731 and Williams, D., E. A. Irvin, et al. (2007)."Dose-Response of Listeria monocytogenes after Oral Exposure in Pregnant Guinea Pigs." Journal of Food Protection 70(5): 1122-1128
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Smith, M. A., K. Takeuchi, et al. (2008)."Dose-Response Model for Listeria monocytogenes-Induced Stillbirths in Nonhuman Primates." Infection and Immunity 76(2): 726-731 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ".7B.7B.7Brefer.7D.7D.7D" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ".7B.7B.7Brefer.7D.7D.7D" defined multiple times with different content

CDC (2012) "Listeria (Listeriosis)."

Smith MA, Takeuchi K, et al. (2008) Dose-Response Model for Listeria monocytogenes-Induced Stillbirths in Nonhuman Primates. Infection and Immunity 76(2): 726-731.

Todar K (2012) Todar's Online Textbook of Bacteriology.

Williams D, Castleman J, et al. (2009) Risk of Fetal Mortality After Exposure to Listeria monocytogenes Based on Dose-Response Data from Pregnant Guinea Pigs and Primates. Risk Analysis 29(11): 1495-1505.

Williams D, Irvin EA, et al. (2007) Dose-Response of Listeria monocytogenes after Oral Exposure in Pregnant Guinea Pigs. Journal of Food Protection 70(5): 1122-1128.

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