Difference between revisions of "Burkholderia"
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Latest revision as of 20:49, 30 October 2012
- Hosts
- Transmission/Exposure Routes
- Case Fatality Ratio
- Incubation Period
- Burden of Disease
- Microbiology
- Envrionmental Survival
- Recommended Dose Response Model
Animals and human
Either through the cutaneous or inhalation. Person-to-person transmission is exceedingly unusual.
| Case Fatality Ratio | Pathway/conditions | Population | References |
| 33.8% (of 145) | Not Reported | Alor Setar region of Kedah, Malaysia
Mean age of 50 years |
[1] |
| 10% | Uncomplicated cases | Not Reported | [2] |
| up to 80% | Cases with bacteraemia or sepsis | Not Reported | [2] |
| 41% (11/27) | 28-day mortality rate | Not Reported | [3] |
| 36.9% (79/214) | Not Reported | Adult Thai Patients | [4] |
| 36% (12/33) | With therapy and intensive care | Northern Australia (1990-91 outbreak) | [5] |
| Days | Pathway | Population | Reference |
| 1-21 days (mean: 9) | Cutaneous/Inhalation | Norhtern Australia 1989-99 (252 cases) | [6] |
| Incidence | Population | References |
| 16.35 per 100,000 | Alor Setar region, Kedah, Malaysia | [1] |
| 4.9 per 100,000 (95% CI: 3.9-6.1) | Sa Kaeo, Thailand 2006-08 | [7] |
| 14.9 per 100,000(95% CI: 13.3-16.6) | Nakhon Phanom, Thailand 2006-08 | [7] |
Duration of infectiousness and disease
In the 10 year study (1989-99) completed in Northern Australia, 252 cases of Melioidosis were examined for acute and chronic illness and also relapse and reactivation.
Acute illness (<2 months) occurred in 222 (88%) of the cases.
Chronic illness (symptomatic for >2 months) occurred in 30 (12%) of the cases.[6]
Of the survivors of the initial infection (207 patients), 27 (13%) had a confirmed relapse over 10 years.[6]
Symptomology
Some recognizable symptoms of Melioidosis are common flu-like symptoms, such as cough, chest pain, high fever, headache, and loss of appetite. Other symptoms indicative of a bloodstream infection include respiratory distress, abdominal discomfort, joint pain, muscle tenderness, disorientation. Disseminated infection symptoms also are weight loss, stomache or chest pain, and possible seizures. A localized infection can produce localized pain and sweling with ulceration and abscess.[8]
Excretion Rates (see Exposure)
Immunity
Gram -, facultative anaerobic, motile bacillus [2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Muhammad RA Hassan, Subhada P Pani, Ng P Peng, Kirtanaa Voralu, Natesan Vijayalakshmi, Ranjith Mehanderkar, Norasmidar A Aziz, Edwin Michael. (2010) Incidence, risk factors and clinical epidemiology of melioidosis: a complex socio-ecological emerging infectious disease in the Alor Setar region of Kedah, Malaysia. BMC Infectious Diseases. 10:302. Full Text
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Wikipedia
- ↑ NAM SU KU , SANG HOON HAN , CHANG OH KIM , JI-HYEON BAEK , SU JIN JEONG , SUNG JOON JIN , JUN YONG CHOI , YOUNG GOO SONG & JUNE MYUNG KIM. (2011) Risk factors for mortality in patients with Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteraemia. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 43: 792–797 Full Text
- ↑ Simpson, A. J. H., Suputtamongkol, Y., Smith, M. D., Angus, B. J., Rajanuwong, A., Wuthiekanun, V., Howe, P. A., et al. (1999). Comparison of Imipenem and Ceftazidime as Therapy for Severe Melioidosis. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 29(2), 381–387. doi:10.1086/520219 Full Text
- ↑ Currie, B., Howard, D., Nguyen, V. T., Withnall, K., & Merianos, A. (1993). The 1990-1991 outbreak of melioidosis in the Northern Territory of Australia: clinical aspects. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 24(3), 436–443. Full Text
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Currie, B. J., Fisher, D. A., Anstey, N. M., & Jacups, S. P. (2000). Melioidosis: acute and chronic disease, relapse and re-activation. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 94(3), 301–304. doi:10.1016/S0035-9203(00)90333-X Full Text
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Bhengsri, S., Baggett, H. C., Jorakate, P., Kaewpan, A., Prapasiri, P., Naorat, S., Thamthitiwat, S., et al. (2011). Incidence of Bacteremic Melioidosis in Eastern and Northeastern Thailand. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 85(1), 117–120. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0070 Full Text
- ↑ CDC
